Titanium Bar ASTM B348 Grade 2 Grade 5 Titanium Rod Titanium Round Bar For Medical Applications

Titanium Bar ASTM B348 Grade 2 Grade 5 Titanium Rod Titanium Round Bar For Medical Applications

Titanium bars, such as those made from Grade 2 and Grade 5 titanium, are highly regarded for medical applications due to their biocompatibility, strength, and corrosion resistance. When considering ASTM B348 standard titanium rods (round bars), here’s a detailed comparison and their relevance for medical use:

ASTM B348 Titanium Round Bars (Grade 2 vs. Grade 5)

Grade 2 Titanium (CP Ti - Commercially Pure Titanium)

Material Composition:

• 99% Pure Titanium with minimal alloying elements.
• Offers excellent corrosion resistance, particularly in biological environments (e.g., body fluids).

• Mechanical Properties:

  • Tensile Strength: Around 50-70 ksi (345-485 MPa).
  • Yield Strength: Around 40 ksi (275 MPa).
  • Elongation: Around 20-30%.
  • Density: 4.51 g/cm³.

Biocompatibility:

• Grade 2 is highly biocompatible and ideal for implants. It’s used for bone fixation devices, surgical instruments, and prosthetics, as it is well-accepted by the human body.
• Medical Use: Used in dental implants, joint replacement parts, and fracture fixation devices due to its non-reactive nature and low toxicity.

• Applications:

  • Medical implants: Bone plates, screws, and surgical instruments.
  • Aerospace and marine industries where corrosion resistance is critical.

• Advantages:

  • Lightweight and excellent weldability.
  • Suitable for long-term body contact due to its non-corrosive nature in human tissue.

Grade 5 Titanium (Ti-6Al-4V - Titanium Alloy

Material Composition:

• 90% Titanium, 6% Aluminum, and 4% Vanadium.
• This alloy offers superior strength compared to Grade 2, making it suitable for more demanding applications.

• Mechanical Properties:

  • Tensile Strength: Around 130-160 ksi (900-1100 MPa).
  • Yield Strength: Around 120 ksi (825 MPa).
  • Elongation: Around 10-15%.
  • Density: 4.43 g/cm³ (slightly lighter than Grade 2).

Biocompatibility:

• Grade 5 is still biocompatible but is used more often for high-strength implants such as those used in load-bearing applications (e.g., joint replacements or spinal implants).
• It has greater strength than Grade 2, making it suitable for high-stress medical devices.

• Applications:

  • Orthopedic implants: Hip replacements, knee replacements, and spinal fusion.
  • Dental implants: Due to its strength and ability to resist stress.
  • Aerospace and high-performance applications.

• Advantages:

  • Higher strength and fatigue resistance.
  • Suitable for applications where strength and load-bearing capacity are critical.

Key Considerations for Medical Applications:

• Corrosion Resistance:

  • Both Grade 2 and Grade 5 have excellent corrosion resistance, making them suitable for the harsh environments inside the human body.
  • However, Grade 2 offers slightly superior corrosion resistance in highly corrosive environments like body fluids, making it an excellent choice for medical implants.

• Biocompatibility:

  • Both grades are biocompatible. However, Grade 2 is often preferred for medical applications where long-term contact with tissue is required, while Grade 5 is used for high-stress applications requiring greater strength.

• Strength vs. Weight:

  • Grade 5 is stronger than Grade 2 but also slightly denser. It’s ideal for applications where higher mechanical strength is needed, such as weight-bearing implants.
  • Grade 2 is lighter and is often chosen for applications where strength is not as critical.

• Fabrication and Machining:

  • Grade 2 is easier to machine and weld compared to Grade 5 due to its lower strength. This makes Grade 2 more versatile in some custom implant designs.
  • Grade 5 requires more effort in machining but provides more customizability for complex implant designs where both strength and biocompatibility are required.

Summary for Medical Use:

Gr2 Titanium (Grade 2):
Grade 2 titanium is commercially pure titanium, known for its excellent corrosion resistance, high strength-to-weight ratio, and biocompatibility. It is commonly used in medical applications such as implants, surgical instruments, and prosthetics due to its ability to withstand harsh bodily environments without corroding. Gr2 is a versatile and highly stable material that is widely accepted for medical devices that require durability and resistance to corrosion.

Gr5 Titanium (Grade 5):
Grade 5, also known as Ti-6Al-4V, is an alloy of titanium with 6% aluminum and 4% vanadium. It is the most commonly used titanium alloy and offers excellent strength, good corrosion resistance, and high fatigue resistance. In medical applications, Grade 5 titanium is used in joint replacements, dental implants, and orthopedic devices because of its higher strength compared to Gr2 while maintaining biocompatibility and lightweight properties.

Gr7 Titanium (Grade 7):
Grade 7 titanium is an alloy of pure titanium with a small amount of palladium (about 0.12%-0.25%), which significantly improves its corrosion resistance, particularly in highly corrosive environments. Gr7 is often used in medical applications where exceptional corrosion resistance is required, such as in implants and surgical instruments that are exposed to prolonged contact with bodily fluids, especially in harsh conditions.

ASTM B348 Standard for Titanium Bars, Rods, and Round Bars:

ASTM B348 is the standard specification for titanium and titanium alloy bars, rods, and round bars for various applications. It includes mechanical and chemical requirements, dimensions, and tolerances to ensure high-quality material for applications requiring high performance, especially in medical fields.

Medical Applications of Titanium Bars:

Titanium bars, rods, and round bars made from Gr2, Gr5, and Gr7 are used in the production of medical implants, prosthetic devices, bone fixation plates, spinal fusion devices, dental implants, and surgical tools. These materials are chosen for their superior combination of biocompatibility, strength, and resistance to body fluids. The corrosion resistance of titanium allows medical devices to last longer inside the human body without the risk of degradation or infection.

Overall, Gr2, Gr5, and Gr7 titanium bars are essential materials in the medical industry, offering various performance characteristics suited to different surgical and implant needs. Their excellent mechanical properties and biocompatibility make them suitable for use in a wide range of implantable devices and medical treatments.

Specifications of Titanium Grades: