Coating and Firing: For different applications, titanium anodes are meticulously prepared using alcohol solutions mixed with halides such as Ru, Ir, Sn, Ti, Pd, Ta, Co, and Ni. The process involves multiple layers of coating, followed by drying and repeated oxidation and firing. Stringent quality inspections ensure each anode meets exacting standards before leaving the factory.

Surface Treatment of Titanium Substrate: Initially, the titanium substrate undergoes sandblasting to increase its surface area, enhancing adhesion between the substrate and the coating. This is followed by immersion in a solution of 10% to 15% alkali or washing powder to remove oil residues. Subsequent treatment involves boiling in 10% to 15% oxalic acid to etch the surface, further optimizing the bonding strength.

Historical Evolution of Titanium Anodes: The development of titanium anodes traces back to China's pioneering research in metal anode batteries starting in 1972. By the mid-1980s, the introduction of titanium-based DSA (Dimensionally Stable Anode) marked a significant advancement, replacing graphite anodes in the chlor-alkali industry worldwide. This transition not only boosted energy efficiency but also reduced maintenance costs and enhanced productivity. By 1996, China emerged as a global leader in caustic soda production, largely driven by the widespread adoption of metal anode cells, which accounted for over 80% of the country's total output.

Diversified Applications: Beyond chlor-alkali production, titanium anodes have found extensive use in water treatment, metal foil preparation, chlorate production, electroplating, cathodic protection, and seawater decontamination. These applications underscore titanium's versatility, durability, and significant environmental benefits compared to traditional materials.

The ongoing research and development efforts continue to expand the applications of titanium anodes, reflecting their pivotal role in advancing modern electrochemical technologies globally.